Antifungal effects of hydrogen water on the growth of Candida albicans / 대한구강보건학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the antifungal effects of neutral electrolysis hydrogen water, an agent known for its oral anti-bacterial effects on the growth of C. albicans in vitro.METHODS: Hydrogen water, denture cleansing agent, and Listerine® were compared to a tap water control. We serially cultured C. albicans KCTC 27239 in SD media to analyze the inhibitory effect of each treatment on growth. We evaluated the data using repeated-measures ANOVA test and one-way ANOVA test, and a significant difference was defined as P < 0.05.RESULTS: Hydrogen water significantly inhibited the growth, but not the biofilm formation, of C. albicans compared to tap water control at 1-, 5-, and 10-minute time points (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The growth of C. albicans was slower in hydrogen water than in tap water, thereby suggesting an inhibitory effect of hydrogen water. Hydrogen water may, therefore, be utilized as an antibacterial and preventive agent without any harmful effect on denture and oral tissues.

Impact of brief exposure to antifungal agents on the post-antifungal effect and hemolysin activity of oral Candida albicans

AbstractPost-antifungal effect (PAFE) of Candida and its production of hemolysin are determinants of candidal pathogenicity. Candida albicans is the foremost aetiological agent of oral candidosis, which can be treated with polyene, azole, and echinocandin antifungals. However, once administered, the intraoral concentrations of these drugs tend to be subtherapeutic and transient due to the diluent effect of saliva and cleansing effect of the oral musculature. Hence, intra-orally, Candidamay undergo a brief exposure to antifungal drugs.Objective Therefore, the PAFE and hemolysin production of oral C. albicans isolates following brief exposure to sublethal concentrations of the foregoing antifungals were evaluated.Material and Methods A total of 50 C. albicans oral isolates obtained from smokers, diabetics, asthmatics using steroid inhalers, partial denture wearers and healthy individuals were exposed to sublethal concentrations of nystatin, amphotericin B, caspofungin, ketoconazole and fluconazole for 60 min. Thereafter, the drugs were removed and the PAFE and hemolysin production were determined by previously described turbidometric and plate assays, respectively.Results Nystatin, amphotericin B, caspofungin and ketoconazole induced mean PAFE (hours) of 2.2, 2.18, 2.2 and 0.62, respectively. Fluconazole failed to produce a PAFE. Hemolysin production of these isolates was suppressed with a percentage reduction of 12.27, 13.47, 13.33, 8.53 and 4.93 following exposure to nystatin, amphotericin B, caspofungin, ketoconazole and fluconazole, respectively.Conclusions Brief exposure to sublethal concentrations of antifungal drugs appears to exert an antifungal effect by interfering with the growth as well as hemolysin production of C. albicans.

Antifungal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Various Plant Pathogenic Fungi

This research is concerned with the fungicidal properties of nano-size silver colloidal solution used as an agent for antifungal treatment of various plant pathogens. We used WA-CV-WA13B, WA-AT-WB13R, and WA-PR-WB13R silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppm. Eighteen different plant pathogenic fungi were treated with these AgNPs on potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar, and corn meal agar plates. We calculated fungal inhibition in order to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of silver nanoparticles against pathogens. The results indicated that AgNPs possess antifungal properties against these plant pathogens at various levels. Treatment with WA-CV-WB13R AgNPs resulted in maximum inhibition of most fungi. Results also showed that the most significant inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi was observed on PDA and 100 ppm of AgNPs.

Efeito fungicida dos óleos essenciais de Schinus molle L e Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Anacardiaceae, do Rio Grande do Sul / Antifungal effect of Schinus molle L, Anacardiaceae, and Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Anacardiaceae, essential oils of Rio Grande do Sul

Uma das alternativas para reduzir o uso de agrotóxicos pode ser a utilização de óleos essenciais para o controle de doenças e pragas que afetam a produção agrícola. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito fungicida dos óleos essenciais de Schinus molle L. e Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, espécies nativas amplamente distribuídas na região. Os óleos foram extraídos por hidrodestilação e analisados por cromatografia gasosa. Os fungos fitopatógenos Alternaria spp., Botrytis spp., Colletotrichum spp. e Fusarium spp., foram isolados a partir de gérberas e rosas com sintomas de doença e os ensaios de atividade antifúngica foram realizados através da técnica de difusão em disco e os dados analisados pelo teste de Tukey e Duncan a 5 por cento. Em geral o óleo essencial de S. molle foi efetivo para os quatro fungos testados, nas quatro diluições utilizadas e para todos os tempos avaliados e o óleo essencial de S. terebinthifolius apresenta efeito fungicida mais pronunciado contra Botrytis spp., a partir de testes in vitro.

One of the alternatives to reduce the use of pesticides may be the use of essential oils to control diseases and pests that affect agricultural production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fungicide effect of essential oils of Schinus molle L. and Schinus terebinthifoliusRaddi, native species widely distributed in the region. The oils were extracted by hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography. The phytopathogenic fungi Alternariaspp., Botrytisspp., Colletotrichumspp. and Fusarium spp., were isolated from "gerberas" and roses with symptoms of disease and antifungal activity of the tests were carried out by the technique of spreading disk. The data was analyzed by Tukey and Duncan tests to 5 percent. In general, the essential oil of S. mollewas effective for the four fungi tested, for the four dilutions used and for all the times evaluated. The essential oil of S. terebinthifolius presents more pronounced fungicide effect against Botrytisspp., from in vitro tests.

Efecto antifúngico de quitosán de alto peso molecular en cepas de Candida sp aisladas de muestras clínicas / Antifungal effect of high molecular weight chitosan on Candida spp isolated from clinical samples

Chitosan is a D-glucosamine polysaccharide derived from chitin that displays an antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Objective: to evaluate the antifungal effect of high molecular weight chitosan (HMWC) in clinical strains of Candida spp. Methodology: the susceptibility of forty strains of Candida spp. to HMWC was studied (16 C albicans, 11 C glabrata, 5 C. tropicalis, 5 C krusei, 2 C parapsilosis and 2 C.famatd) by broth microdilution at pH 7.0 and pH 4.0. Results: of 40 strains, only 2 were inhibited at pH 7.0 and corresponded to ATCC control strains (C. krusei 6258 and C parapsilosis 22019). On the other hand, 37/40 strains (92.5 percent) were inhibited by concentrations lower than 1.25 mg/mL of HMWC at pH 4.0. Conclusion: these results show that HMWC, presents activity against clinical Candida spp. strains, including C glabrata, and that this activity is present at acid pH (4.0). This compound could potentially be used in vulvovaginal candidiasis since it occurs at pH 4.0-4.5.

Study on Antifungal Susceptibility of Different Extract Parts of Euphorbia humifusa / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective:To examine the antifungal effect of different extraction parts of Euphorbia humifusa in vitro,and measure the minimum inhibition concentrations(MICs).Methods Separated the Dijincao extract and got four parts by solvent extraction.Applied the standard which was approved by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS):Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous,Fungi(M38-A).MICs of different parts of Dijincao extract against 23 strains of common clinical dermatophytes were investigated.Results Chloroform extract and petroleum ether extract could not get clear and definite MIC because their solubility disturbed the determination of experiment's results.However,water and n-butanol fraction could get definite and clear results.Both of these two parts could clearly inhibit fungal growth.Conclusion Euphorbia humifusa extract parts have antifungnal activity against dermatophytes in vitro.